The service life of copper bushings is affected by the following factors:

First. Material quality

Copper alloy composition

Different copper alloys have different performance characteristics. For example, tin bronze has high strength, hardness and wear resistance and is suitable for use under demanding conditions such as heavy loads and high speeds; while brass has relatively low strength and wear resistance. The added elements in copper alloys, such as tin, lead and zinc, affect their performance, and the right composition ratio can improve the service life of copper bushings.

Material purity

High purity copper material has fewer impurities, uniform organization, and better mechanical properties and wear resistance. The presence of impurities may lead to defects within the material, reducing the strength and toughness of the copper bushing, thus shortening the service life.

The production process should use advanced melting and refining technology to improve the purity of copper.

Second, the design factors

Dimensional accuracy

The dimensional accuracy of the copper sleeve directly affects the accuracy of its fit with the shaft. If the size deviation is too large, it will lead to inappropriate fit clearance, excessive wear or stalling phenomenon. High-precision dimensional design can ensure a good fit between the copper sleeve and the shaft, reduce friction and wear, and extend service life.

Structural design

Reasonable structural design can improve the bearing capacity and wear resistance of copper bushings. For example, the design of appropriate oil grooves and oil holes is conducive to the distribution and circulation of lubricating oil, reducing the coefficient of friction; increase the reinforcement or change the distribution of wall thickness can improve the strength and stiffness of the copper bushing, reduce deformation and wear. At the same time, we should consider the installation method and stress situation of the copper bushing to avoid the stress concentration parts.

Third, the manufacturing process

Casting quality

For casting copper bushings, the casting process directly affects its quality and performance. Good casting process can ensure that the copper bushing organization dense, no porosity, slag and other defects, improve the strength and wear resistance of the material. Control of casting temperature, cooling speed and other parameters, you can get the ideal organization and performance, to extend the service life of the copper sleeve.

Processing precision

High-precision machining can ensure the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the copper bushing and reduce friction and wear. The use of advanced machining equipment and processes, such as CNC machining, precision grinding, etc., can obtain a smooth surface and precise dimensions, and improve the service life of the copper bushing. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid surface damage produced during processing, such as scratches and burns.

Surface treatment

Appropriate surface treatment of copper bushings can improve their wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and extend their service life. For example, surface treatment methods such as electroplating hard chrome and spraying ceramics can form a hard protective layer on the surface of copper bushings to improve their resistance to wear and corrosion. Different surface treatment methods for different working conditions and requirements, need to be selected according to the specific circumstances.

Fourth, the use of conditions

Load size

The greater the load borne by the copper sleeve, the more serious the wear and tear, the shorter the service life. In the design and use of the process, should be based on the actual load conditions to choose the appropriate copper sleeve material and size, to avoid overloading. The wear of copper sleeve can be reduced and the service life can be extended by optimizing the structure of the equipment and reducing the load.

Movement speed

The movement speed of the copper sleeve will also affect its service life. When moving at high speed, the heat generated by friction will increase, accelerating the wear of the material. For copper bushings with high speed movement, it is necessary to choose materials with good heat resistance and wear resistance, and take appropriate lubrication and cooling measures to reduce the coefficient of friction and temperature, and extend the service life.

Working environment

The temperature, humidity, corrosive media and other factors in the working environment will also affect the service life of the copper sleeve. In high temperature, high humidity or corrosive environment, the copper bushing is easy to be corroded and worn, the service life will be greatly shortened. You can take appropriate protective measures, such as heat insulation, moisture, corrosion, etc., to improve the service life of the copper sleeve.

For example, in corrosive environments, you can choose copper alloy materials with better corrosion resistance, and anti-corrosion treatment of copper bushings.

Five. Lubrication

Lubricant selection

Choosing the right lubricant can reduce the friction and wear between the copper sleeve and the shaft, and extend the service life. Different working conditions require the selection of different types of lubricants, such as lubricating oil, grease and so on. The viscosity, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties of the lubricant should be considered to ensure that it can meet the working requirements.

In summary, the service life of the copper bushing is affected by a variety of factors such as material quality, design factors, manufacturing process, use conditions and lubrication. When selecting, designing, manufacturing and using copper bushings, these factors should be considered comprehensively and corresponding measures should be taken to improve the service life of copper bushings and ensure the normal operation of equipment.